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Born Again Not by Human Will

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This article is about the Christian term. For other uses, meet Built-in Over again.

Evangelical Christian term

Born once more, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, especially in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to one's physical nascence, being "built-in over again" is distinctly and separately acquired by baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is non acquired by baptism in water. Information technology is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Anabaptist, Moravian, Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, Plymouth Brethren and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You must exist born again earlier you tin run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven." Their doctrines too mandate that to exist both "born again" and "saved", i must have a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [two] [iii] [4] [5] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from similar terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with h2o and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to exist "born again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they accept a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [half dozen]

In improver to using this phrase with those who do not profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians apply the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This exercise is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, fifty-fifty those Christians who are professed Christians, are non "built-in again" and do non have a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should deliver to non-Evangelical Christians in the aforementioned way that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "built-in again" is also used equally an describing word to describe individual members of the motility who espouse this belief, and it is besides used every bit an adjective to describe the movement itself ("born-once again Christian" and the "born-once again move").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting past Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an event in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were non understood past a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one can run across the kingdom of God unless they are born again." "How can someone be born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to exist born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no one tin can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter 3, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated as once again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could hateful either "again", or "from higher up".[9] The double entendre is a figure of voice communication that the gospel author uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then antiseptic by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus'south statement, while Jesus clarifies that he means more than of a spiritual rebirth from above. English language translations take to pick one sense of the phrase or some other; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version utilise "born again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English language Translation[11] prefer the "born from above" translation.[12] About versions volition annotation the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "built-in from higher up" is to be preferred equally the cardinal meaning and he drew attention to phrases such equally "birth of the Spirit",[13] "nativity from God",[fourteen] just maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life as given past God himself.[15]

The concluding utilize of the phrase occurs in the Starting time Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version every bit:

Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned honey of the brethren, [come across that ye] love one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being built-in again, not of corruptible seed, simply of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek word translated every bit "built-in once again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted as being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, concrete lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error—that every person must have 2 births—natural nascency of the physical body and another of the h2o and the spirit.[eighteen] This soapbox with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born once more" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter farther reinforced this understanding in 1 Peter 1:23.[xix] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church building over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. Information technology is [the Apostle Paul'south] pedagogy in one instance that all who are Christ'due south by faith are Abraham'south seed, and heirs co-ordinate to hope. He is concerned, yet, with the fact that the promise is not existence fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul past the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the heed, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nascence" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Gimmicky Christian theologians have provided explanations for "built-in from above" being a more authentic translation of the original Greek discussion transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from above" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "once more" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more than modernistic utilise appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Nativity he writes, "none can be holy unless he be born again", and "except he be built-in once again, none can exist happy even in this world. For ... a human should non be happy who is not holy." As well, "I say, [a man] may be born again and and then go an heir of salvation." Wesley as well states infants who are baptized are born again, just for adults information technology is dissimilar:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same time born again. ... Just ... it is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the same time born once again.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded by whatsoever of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "we should hardly accept known that it was necessary for one to exist born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to apply to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to define how closely the stories of Jesus lucifer the historical events they are based on, generally treat Jesus'southward conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation betwixt Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making information technology unclear how a tape of this conversation was acquired. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the same problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic linguistic communication as well: there is no single word in Aramaic that ways both "again" and "from above", yet the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Equally the conversation was between 2 Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to think that they'd take spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real conversation, the author of John heavily modified information technology to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers as a reference to baptism.[28] Modern Catholic interpreters take noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'born once again'[29] is antiseptic as 'existence built-in of water and Spirit'.[30]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the starting time of this new life, are said to come about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church building regarded every bit taking place through baptism."[31]

The Catechism of the Cosmic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "announcement of the Discussion, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[32] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new brute and an adopted son of God;[33] information technology incorporates them into the Body of Christ[34] and creates a sacramental bail of unity leaving an enduring marking on our souls.[35] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual marking (grapheme) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from begetting the fruits of salvation. Given one time for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[36] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the motility of grace. "The outset work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, man turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[37]

The Cosmic Church also teaches that under special circumstances the need for h2o baptism can be superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of want', such every bit when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[38]

Pope John Paul Ii wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the religion and yet without whatsoever explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[39] He noted that "existence a Christian means saying 'aye' to Jesus Christ, simply let us remember that this 'yes' has 2 levels: It consists of surrendering to the give-and-take of God and relying on it, just it also means, at a afterward stage, endeavoring to know amend—and improve the profound meaning of this word."[xl]

The modern expression beingness "born again" is really about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the Usa Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal human relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform one'due south life to his."[41] To put it more than just "Conversion to Christ involves making a 18-carat commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[41]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modern world chosen the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized earlier, to those who accept never made a personal delivery to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular culture, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[42]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-over again experience is not but an emotional, mystical loftier; the actually of import matter is what happened in the convert'south life after the moment or period of radical change."[43]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism by the Holy Ghost. Merely she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam so that daily a new man come forth and ascend who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has once again lost the grace of baptism."[44]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Nativity, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful experience, in which the individual "accepts Christ every bit Lord" after which faith "daily grows inside the person."[45] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a man because he wanted to provide a blueprint for future generations" and "a converted person could try to live in his paradigm and daily become more than similar Jesus."[45] As such, "centre religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[45] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, peculiarly missionary work, to spread the religion.[46]

Anabaptism [edit]

Anabaptist denominations, such as the Mennonites, teach that "True religion entails a new birth, a spiritual regeneration by God'due south grace and ability; 'believers' are those who accept become the spiritual children of God."[47] In Anabaptist theology, the pathway to salvation, is "marked not past a forensic understanding of salvation past 'faith alone', but past the entire procedure off repentance, self-denial, organized religion rebirth and obedience."[47] Those who wish to tarry this path receive baptism after the New Birth.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born once more is mentioned in the 39 Manufactures of the Anglican Church in article XV, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In role, it reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was not in Him. Simply all nosotros the rest, although baptized and born once again in Christ, all the same offend in many things: and if we say nosotros have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in united states."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Article Fifteen, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John three:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one's regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[l] The time of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches existence born again refers to "the inwards working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to reply to the effectual phone call". According to the Westminster Shorter Canon, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the discussion, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are fabricated effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God'due south Spirit, whereby, disarming us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable u.s.a. to encompass Jesus Christ, freely offered to united states in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being born once more is the volition of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and just in consequence of that practice we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will do. Regeneration is a change wrought in us by God, not an democratic act performed past us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Central Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial conservancy (Tit. 3:five), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:fifteen, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], there is a "transformation in the centre of the believer wherein he finds himself a new cosmos in Christ (Ii Cor. 5:17; Col. 1:27)."[3]

Following the New Birth, George Trick taught the possibility of "holiness of centre and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new birth" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation considering it marks the motion toward holiness. That comes with religion."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascence "is that great alter which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises information technology from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [one] In the life of a Christian, the new nascence is considered the first work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[60] The Methodist Company in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must exist born again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for yous. Acknowledge Him to your eye. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new birth occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two split up and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial human action of God whereby a soul is granted consummate absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This human activity of divine grace is wrought by religion in the claim of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans 5:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of human, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians v:17; 1 Peter one:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Clan of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that people are born once more when they believe that Jesus died for their sin, and was buried, and rose again (1 Cor 15:3-4), and that by believing/trusting in Jesus' death, burial and resurrection, eternal life shall exist granted as a gift by God (John 3:14-16, Acts 10:43, Romans vi:23). Those who have been built-in once more, co-ordinate to Baptist teaching, know that they are "[children] of God considering the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. balls).[64]

Plymouth Brethren [edit]

The Plymouth Brethren teach that the New Birth furnishings salvation and those who testify that they have been born once again, repented, and have faith in the Scriptures are given the correct hand of fellowship, after which they tin can partake of the Lord's Supper.[65]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost past Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Dice Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first piece of work of grace), unabridged sanctification (2d work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, equally the 3rd work of grace.[66] [67] The New Nascence, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals do not have the ability to choose to be born again, just that God calls and selects his followers "from in a higher place".[68] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be born again.[69] [70]

The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to be reborn of God.[71]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "born again" is used past several Christian denominations, merely there are disagreements on what the term ways, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to exist built-in-once more Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should inquire [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are yous born over again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly water baptized, he has non been born once more "the Bible way," regardless of what he may recollect.[72]

On the other mitt, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he likewise is "born again." ... However, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either equally an babe or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's non what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be born again."[73] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has become an effective tool in Rome'southward ecumenical agenda.[74]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set apart from other outlooks in at least two means.

First, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known as baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may take place at any fourth dimension in a person'south life, even in the womb. It is non somehow the automatic event of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born once more only later on they exercise saving religion). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to do saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the piece of work of God the Holy Spirit - we tin can do nothing on our own to obtain it. God lonely raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[75] [76]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used diverse metaphors to depict its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the h2o and the spirit. This remains the mutual agreement in most of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[44] Anglicanism,[77] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. However, old afterwards the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression born once again [78] equally an feel of religious conversion,[79] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to one's own personal religion in Jesus Christ for salvation. This same belief is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[lxxx] [81] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[82]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the volition, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others information technology leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the lodge of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious pregnant of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of honey of neighbour. ... each person afflicted perceives his life in Christ at whatsoever given time as "newness of life."[83]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born once more is a phrase used by many Protestants to describe the miracle of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they have been taught equally Christians becomes real, and they develop a straight and personal relationship with God.[84]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, like the distinction between liberal and bourgeois Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems celebrated, like the segmentation between Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] usually includes the notion of human option in conservancy and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[85]

The term built-in again has go widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, first in the United States and so around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born once again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in guild to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in sky, and was increasingly used as a term to place devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, born over again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the born again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson's book Born Once more gained international observe. Time magazine named him "One of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[86] The term was sufficiently prevalent and then that during the year's presidential entrada, Democratic party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself every bit "born again" in the first Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a pregnant role in solidifying the "built-in again" identity as a cultural construct in the US. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal run across with God." He recalls:

while I sat alone staring at the sea I dear, words I had not been certain I could understand or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in Y'all. I take You. Please come into my life. I commit information technology to Yous." With these few words...came a sureness of heed that matched the depth of feeling in my heart. There came something more: strength and serenity, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the earth effectually me.[87]

Jimmy Carter was the first President of the The states to publicly declare that he was born-again, in 1976.[88] Past the 1980 campaign, all iii major candidates stated that they had been born again.[89]

Sider and Knippers[ninety] state that "Ronald Reagan's election that autumn [was] aided past the votes of 61% of 'built-in-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percent is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves every bit built-in-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks proverb they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[91]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-over again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." It too notes that "self-reported built-in-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[92]

Names which take been inspired past the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[93] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which hateful "reborn", "born once again".[94]

Statistics [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Faith and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a built-in-again question on 3 occasions ... 'Would you say you have been 'built-in again' or have had a 'born-once more' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with about two-thirds of each grouping answering in the affirmative. In contrast, merely about i third of mainline Protestants and 1 sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-again experience." Nevertheless, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... information technology is probable that people who report a born-again feel also claim it as an identity."[95]

Run across as well [edit]

  • Altar phone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Built-in-once again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence afterwards having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus movement – Former evangelical Christian movement
  • Dvija – Twice-born status of Hindu male afterward Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Religion. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new nascency is necessary for salvation considering it marks the motility toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Lexicon of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Faith and Practice of Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Forest, William W. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Organized religion. Mouton & Visitor. p. 18. ISBN978-three-11-204424-vii.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Printing. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision'south California office elaborated on the importance of being "built-in once again," emphasizing a primal "relationship" betwixt individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that information technology's not only a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an infant. We believe that people need to be regenerated. They demand a spiritual rebirth. The need to be born again. ...You must be born again before yous can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born over again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert M. (1993). Beyond Built-in Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Printing. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I have a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John iii:three-five
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick West., et al, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Attestation and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically run into the first (from higher up) and fourth (once more, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-thirteen; 1Jn 2:29, 3:ix, iv:7, v:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.N.(ed), The Quaternary Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Abroad the Veil: To See Beyond the Pall of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-eight.
  19. ^ 1Peter one:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Cosmic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 November 2009.[1]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Book 3 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Printing, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-half dozen
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel anchor. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [two]
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External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley'southward teaching on beingness built-in over again, and argument that it is fundamental to Christianity.

bellvoll1969.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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